The 2020 International AI Cooperation and Governance Forum, hosted by Tsinghua University in support of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), opened on December 18th, 2020. Designed as the leading platform to engage a worldwide conversation on AI governance and international cooperation, the Forum is the first of its kind in to be held in China.
The Forum, hosted by the Institute for AI International Governance (I-AIIG) of Tsinghua University, with UNDP as the supporting international organization, convened thought leaders and practitioners from across the world, including top officials from governments and international organizations, prominent academics, and executives from the tech sector.
“Of all the emerging technologies, artificial intelligence stands alone as the one with the greatest potential to empower, but also to disrupt. This is why the stakes for international cooperation in this area are the highest,“ said Fabrizio Hochschild, UN Under Secretary-General, Special Adviser for the UN Secretary-General on digital cooperation.
International cooperation and governance are essential to ensure that the development of AI serves to build a sustainable and inclusive future, rather than exacerbating challenges and creating new divides. With various AI principles issued by governments, non-government organizations, academic associations, and private companies, the balance between AI development and risk control has been the focus of much discussion.
“International cooperation on AI can draw on existing global mechanisms. As we continue to strength international cooperation in AI, we can seek common values and develop common principles and norms to guide the healthy development and deployment of AI,” said Xue Lan, Executive President of I-AIIG.
The Forum serves as an opportunity to reflect on the benefits AI has brought and facilitate a multi-stakeholder conversation on international cooperation and governance of AI. Aiming to ensure that AI can serve as a global public good, the Forum offers thought leaders the opportunity to voice perspectives from across the globe.
“We need global collaboration to succeed. We’re either going to all win together, or all lose together. This technology is so powerful, that it can make all nations much healthier and wealthier as long as we avoid conflict and work together,” said Max Tegmark, Professor of Physics at MIT andCo-Founder of the Future of Life Institute.
The response to COVID-19 and the use of AI has brought the discussion to the forefront. This offers an opportunity to reflect on the benefits AI has brought and how to facilitate the process of supporting an international AI governance framework by promoting mutual understandings of AI governance in different cultural contexts.
The Forum covered numerous topics, including two sessions organized by UNDP on AI governance for sustainable development and international cooperation on AI governance. These sessions included two panels with leading experts from over a dozen different countries and organizations around the world.
The session on AI governance for sustainable development examined how AI can be used to help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in areas such as healthcare, disaster recovery, and ending poverty and inequality, covering both the potential and the challenges of doing so.
“When we analyze all the AI and computer science related literature – more than 8 million papers – our initial studies show that only 0.1 percent of the efforts are really related to the SDGs,” said Zeng Yi, Co-Director, China-UK Research Center for AI Ethics and Governance at the Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences. “We must raise the number of publications and cases using AI to enable the realization of the SDGs. That’s our responsibility as scientific researchers and innovators in the field of AI.”
The session also discussed how AI can hinder progress if it is not designed and deployed in inclusive and sustainable ways.
“About half of the world is not connected digitally today. That has massive and very profound implications, because AI and machine learning is based on datasets, which means that the current datasets are largely coming form the rich world,” said Thomas Davin, Director of the Office of Innovation, UNICEF. “That means we are teaching machines the problems and assumptions of the rich world.”
The thematic session on international cooperation focused on what a future governance mechanism might look like, the challenges of coordination and cooperation, and the processes involved to increase cooperation between countries on capacity development and information exchanges.
“Some are concerned that governance will stifle innovation particularly as the technology is still in its infancy,” said Zia Khan, Senior Vice President of Innovation at the Rockefeller Foundation. “However, if we don’t develop governance tailored for AI, it will be governed by policies and laws designed for an earlier era. This can stifle development and deployment of AI, particularly as it might be used in socially beneficial domains.”
Bringing together government, academia, and the private sector, the session’s panelists came to a consensus that some form of AI governance is not only needed but is inevitable. It must include all stakeholders in the process, including the private sector, to ensure a human-centered governance mechanism is inclusive while also providing space for innovation to flourish.
“We need to recognize that there needs to be diversity and acceptance of a variation of principles across regions and across social cultural norms,” said Mr. Yeong Zee Kin, Assistant Chief Executive (Data Innovation & Protection) of the Infocomm Media Development Authority of Singapore (IMDA). “I think all nations should take an approach to see how our existing policies and regulatory frameworks can be adjusted to support innovation.”
Go to http://www.tsinghuaaiforum.org for more information.
